Bureau
of Prisons Facilities
This
section provides a brief profile of each of the 94 institutions that the
Bureau operats (92 of these institutions house inmates; the other 2
provide shared services to correctional
complexes). A number of
categories of information are provided for each currently operating
facility.
Security Level
The
Bureau operates institutions of several different security levels to
house a broad spectrum of offenders in an appropriate manner. Security levels are based on such features as the presence of
external patrols, gun towers, security barriers, or detection devices;
the type of housing within the institution; internal security features;
and staff-to-inmate ration. Each
facility is placed in one of five groups – minimum, low, medium, high,
and administrative.
Minimum-Security
Minimum-security institutions, also know as Federal Prison Camps (FPC’s),
have dormitory housing, a relatively low staff-to-inmate ration, and no
fences. These institutions
are work and program-oriented, and many are located adjacent to larger
institutions or on military bases, where inmates help serve the labor
needs of the larger institution or the base.
Low-Security
Low-security Federal Correctional Institutions (FCI’s) have
double-fenced perimeters, mostly dormitory housing, and strong work and
program components. The
staff-to-inmate ration in these institutions is higher than in
minimum-security facilities.
Medium-Security
Medium-security
(FCI’s) have strengthened perimeters (often double fences with
electronic detection systems), cell-type housing, a wide variety of work
and treatment programs, and an even higher staff-to-inmate ration than
low-security FCI’s, providing even greater internal controls.
High-Security
High-security institutions, also known as
United States Penitentiaries (USP’s), have highly secure perimeters
(featuring walls or reinforced fences), multiple and single-occupant
cell housing, the highest staff-to-inmate ratio, and close control of
inmate movement.
Administrative
Administrative facilities are institutions with special missions, such
as the detention of none-citizen or pretrial offenders, the treatment of
inmates with serious or chronic medical problems, or the containment of
extremely dangerous, violent, or escape prone inmates.
Administrative facilities include Metropolitan Correctional
Centers (MCC’s), Metropolitan Detention Centers (MDC’s), Federal
Medical Centers (FMC’s), as well as the Medical Center for Federal
Prisoners (MCFP) and the Administrative facilities are capable of
holding inmates in all security categories.
Correctional Complexes
A number
of BOP institutions are parts of Federal Correctional Complexes
(FCC’s), At FCC’s, which the Bureau began constructing in the late
1980’s, institutions with several different missions and security
levels are located in close proximity to one another.
With institutions grouped in this way, FCC’s increase
cost-efficiency through the sharing of services, enable staff to gain
experience at institutions of many security levels, and enhance
emergency preparedness by having additional staff and resource close by.
Some
FCC’s such as FCC Allenwood, FCC Butner, and FCC Florence, are
essentially stand-alone institutions that make limited use of shared
services arrangements. Others,
such as FCC Beaumont and FCC Coleman, rely on shared services much more
extensively; they have a centralized business office, personnel office,
warehouse, and training center. They
view all of their staff as employees of the complex, rather than
employees of the component institutions, and staff rotate between posts
at each of these facilities.
Capacity
Capacity refers to the number of inmates the institutions is designed to
hold.
Population
Population
refers to the number of inmates the institution actually holds.
Staff
Staff
refers to the actual number of employees at an institution.
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